Internet Backbone, Where is it and How Does it Work?

Have you ever heard of the term “Internet Backbone“? GeniusCPR is here to tell you more about this topic, and yes, it’s exactly like it sounds. The very first internet backbone was funded by the U.S. government in 1987 and was called NSFNET. It consisted of approximately 170 smaller networks running at 1.544 Mbps. These smaller networks worked together to cover large distances.

Who Owns the Internet Backbone?

The Internet backbone is comprised of many transmission lines that transmit data at super high speed. These interconnected networks and core routers create the Internet. The Internet Backbone, which is typically owned by educational, commercial, or government institutions, provides high-speed networking services to small-scale internet service providers around the world. They are large data connections that require high bandwidth and high-performance servers to support the large volumes of data being transmitted every second of the day.

photo of Earth world networked using internet backbone — Photo by NASA on Unsplash

The individual smaller networks are privately owned by Tier 1 ISPs who share interconnected network systems. Some of the biggest organizations operating different parts of the backbone are GTE Corp., AT&T, Cogent Communications, Tata Communications, etc.

Key Features of the Backbone

Small ISPs are connected directly to the a backbone server or to a larger ISP and then connected to the backbone.
All the smaller networks are interconnected and function as a backup for each other. This function becomes extremely useful during times of failure to keep the internet services running.
All networks in a backbone sign a contractual agreement to share loads or handle data in times of partial or complete failures of some networks.
The point at which two small ISP connect is called a peering point. They are often owned by third parties and consist of high-speed switches and routers that share the traffic among the peers.
The average speed of the internet backbone is 100 Gbps, and it is made up of some of the fastest routers available.

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